WHAT CLOUD IS AND HOW IT WORKS

Dear readers of Tecnogalaxy, today we will talk about cloud and we will see in detail what it is, how it works and what are the benefits of buying it.

The term (cloud) refers to servers, software, databases accessed over the Internet, cloud servers are located in datacenters around the world, using cloud computing, users and especially businesses do not have to manage physical servers themselves, nor run applications on your machines.

The cloud allows all users to access the same files and applications from anywhere in the world to any device, because processing and storage takes place on servers located in specific datacenters, and not locally on the user’s device.

Have you ever wondered why when you change your device you can use Instagram for example on a new device finding all the info you saw on the old device such as photos, videos and conversation history ?

The logic is the same as email service providers in the cloud, like Gmail or Microsoft Office 365, and with cloud storage providers like Dropbox or Google Drive.

If we think about businesses, switching to cloud computing can remove some IT-related costs and fixed costs, such as:

1. They will no longer have to update and maintain their servers, (the cloud service provider they will use will do so).
2. For small businesses it could be a strategic and saving choice, a small company may not be able to have its own internal IT infrastructure, so the service is outsourced.
3. The cloud can also make it easier for businesses to operate internationally, because employees and customers can access the same files and applications from anywhere.

BUT HOW DOES CLOUD COMPUTING WORK?

Cloud computing has been possible thanks to a technology called virtualization, this type of technique allows you to create a virtual computer, and exclusively digital that behaves as if it were a physical computer with its own hardware. The famous VIRTUAL machine.

If the implemented built is done correctly, the created virtual machines that are in the same machine (called host), are in mode (sandbox) and therefore cannot interact with each other.

In fact, the files and software of a virtual machine are not visible to other virtual machines, even if they are in the same physical machine.

These virtual machines are more efficient in using the hardware that hosts them, making many virtual machines run simultaneously, a single server becomes (many servers), and a datacenter becomes a whole flood of datacenters, In this way they can serve many organizations.

This technology leads cloud service providers to offer their servers to many more customers at the same time and can do so at a reduced cost.

Then there is the very important part of service continuity even in the event of a disaster. In fact, through a disaster recovery designed ad hoc in no time services can return online.

These cloud service providers normally have a backup of services on multiple machines and in different regions.

Users access online services through a browser or app, connecting to the cloud through the Internet, that is, through many interconnected networks, regardless of which device they are using.

MAIN MODELS OF CLOUD COMPUTING SERVICES

• Software-as-a-Service (saas or software as a service): instead of having users install an application on their device saas applications are hosted on cloud servers and users access them through the Internet.

If we make a comparison it is as if we rent a house, the owner is responsible for the maintenance of the house (in this case the servers and the infrastructure), the renter uses it as his own.

• Platform-as-a-service (paas or platform as a service): this solution allows businesses not to pay for hosting applications but instead pay for what they need to create their own applications/software.

This model can be compared to renting all the tools and equipment needed to build a house instead of renting one.

• Infrastructure-as-a-Service (iaas or infrastructure as a service): In this model, an enterprise rents the necessary servers and storage from a cloud service provider. Then use that cloud infrastructure to build your own applications. This model can be compared to a company that leases a plot of land on which it can build what it wants, but must itself provide the equipment and materials for construction.

In the past, saas, paas and iaas were the three main models of cloud computing, and virtually all cloud services fell into one of these categories. In recent years, a new model called Function-as-a-Service is emerging.

• Function-as-a-Service (faas or function as a service): This model, also known as serverless computing, divides all cloud applications into smaller components that run only when needed.

Let’s take a small example by renting a house one piece at a time, the renter pays the dining room only when he eats and the bedroom only when he sleeps.

TYPES OF CLOUD IMPLEMENTATIONS

The models we discussed above define how services are delivered via the cloud, while these different types of cloud deployments are about where cloud servers are located and who manages them.

• Private cloud: is a server, datacenter or distributed network entirely dedicated to one organization.
• Public cloud: is a service performed by an external provider that can include servers in one or more datacenters, in fact public clouds are shared by different organizations.

With the use of virtual machines, the individual servers can in fact be shared by different companies, (situation called multi-tenant) because multiple companies rent space on the same server.

• Hybrid Cloud: Hybrid cloud implementations combine public and private clouds and can also include on-premises legacy servers. An organization could use its own private cloud for certain services and the public cloud for others, or the public cloud could serve as a back up for the private cloud.
• Multi-cloud: is a type of cloud implementation that affects multiple public clouds, an organization with a multi-cloud implementation rents virtual servers and services from different external providers.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CLOUD AND TRADITIONAL CLIENT-SERVER MODEL

The Internet network has always been composed of servers, clients, and the infrastructure that connects them, clients send requests to servers, and servers send responses.

Cloud computing is different from this model because cloud servers not only send responses to requests, but run programs and store data on behalf of the customer.

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